Dates linked to the history of Brazil will be remembered in the week that begins this Sunday (16) – and which brings a national holiday next Friday (21): Tiradentes. Wednesday, April 19th is Indigenous Peoples Day. The following day marks the 100th anniversary of the creation of Rádio Sociedade (current Rádio MEC), the first radio station in the country. Finally, the 22nd marks the 523rd anniversary of the arrival of the Portuguese to what we now call Brazil. And to talk about the first peoples that inhabited the national territory, Hoje é Dia rescues the documentary Indios Somos Somos, from TV Brasil. Filmed in 2016, during the World Indigenous Peoples Games, the documentary interviews indigenous people of different ethnicities, who detail their cultures, traditions, going through the diversities between peoples and also the points of contact in their stories. Watch: Caminhos da Reportagem, on TV Brasil, has a series of episodes dedicated to indigenous peoples, addressing topics such as the struggle for the demarcation of their ancestors’ lands, indigenous health in times of a pandemic, the mental health of indigenous peoples, the universe myth and the survival of tradition in the 21st century, and, recently, the humanitarian crisis of the Yanomami people. One hundred years of the first radio On April 20, 1923, the minutes of creation of Rádio Sociedade do Rio de Janeiro, the first radio station in the country, were signed. Young scientists and intellectuals who were part of the Brazilian Academy of Sciences, such as Edgard Roquette-Pinto, Osório de Almeida, Henrique Morize, Paulo de Frontin, admirals Álvaro Alberto and Moraes Rêgo, were part of the foundation of the pioneering broadcaster, which would later enter the air on September 7 of that year. The pioneers of Rádio Sociedade in 1924: on the right of the clock, Roquette Pinto, and, on the left, Henrique Morize (taller, wearing glasses). – EBC Collection/Rights reserved Years later, in 1936, Rádio Sociedade would be donated to the federal government, changing its name to Rádio Ministério da Educação – popularly Rádio Ministério and, later, Rádio MEC. Rádio MEC, which is part of Empresa Brasil de Comunicação, is the station that has operated uninterruptedly for the longest time in the country, and was also the first public communication experience, with programming aimed at educating and disseminating science and culture. Get to know the history of Rádio Sociedade and Rádio MEC in these episodes of the series 100 Years of Radio in Brazil: Rádio Sociedade: Rádio MEC: National Hero The day the inconfidente Joaquim José da Silva Xavier – better known as Tiradentes – was hanged became a national holiday in Brazil still in the year 1890. The execution of this man who would enter the list of heroes of the Fatherland took place on April 21, 1792. The program Na Trilha da História, on Rádio Nacional, told the story of the Minas Gerais conjurer: his origins on the farm do Pombal, the craft of “pulling teeth”, his military career and what made Tiradentes rebel against the Portuguese Crown: Antônio Parreiras – Study for Tiradentes Prison – Antônio Parreiras Museum/Rights reserved Another episode of the program explains what was the Inconfidência Mineira, as well as its contradictions and gaps in the history of the revolt of the elite of Vila Rica (now Ouro Preto, in Minas Gerais) against the high tax burden imposed by Portugal: In 2015, Radioagência Nacional, in partnership with Rádio Educativa from the Federal University of Ouro Preto, published a series of five reports on the Inconfidência Mineira. The first talks about the origin of the movement; the second, on the leaders of the insurrection; the third, about the women involved in the revolt; the fourth, about the myths and legends about the Inconfidência Mineira, and the last one, which you hear below, about the sentence and execution of Tiradentes: Land in sight! On Saturday (22), it will be 523 years since Pedro Álvares Cabral’s squadron – the largest Portuguese fleet launched at sea until then – arrived in what is now Brazilian lands. The “finding” of Brazil was the subject of two episodes of the program Na Trilha da História: one, which aired in 2017, reconstructs the expedition of the armada, and also talks about the Portuguese maritime expansion and how these vessels crossed the ocean. Atlântico: This 2020 episode talks about what happened after the arrival of the Portuguese in Brazil, how was the relationship with the indigenous peoples and the consequences of the exploration of the “new” land by the Europeans: More ephemeris Other commemorative dates take place in the next few days: the World Voice Day, this Sunday (16); International Haemophilia Day, April 17; National Botany Day, also on the 17th, in reference to the birth of the German naturalist Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius; the National Children’s Book Day, on April 19; and, on the 20th, Disco Day (which honors the musician Ataulfo Alves, who died on this date, but in 1969) and Diplomat Day (which marks the birth date of the Baron of Rio Branco, patron of national diplomacy ). Check the weekly list* of Hoje é Dia with dates, historical facts and holidays: April 16 to 22, 2023 16 Birth of guitarist and composer from Pará Sebastião Tapajós (80 years old) Death of composer from Rio de Janeiro Gustavo Thomás Filho, Brasinha (25 years old) ) Death of the French naturalist, mathematician and writer, Georges-Louis Leclerc, the Count of Buffon (235 years old) – his theories influenced two generations of naturalists, including Jean-Baptiste de Lamarck and Charles Darwin Beginning of the Brazilian Automobile Expedition Pan-American, or Pan-American Career (95 years old) World Voice Day 17 Death of North American photographer and activist Linda McCartney (25 years old) Death of São Paulo singer-songwriter Florinda Grandino de Oliveira, Linda Batista (35 years old) – in 1937, she was the first singer to be elected Queen of Radio, a title she held for 11 consecutive years; shortly after the contest, she was hired by Rádio Nacional International Day of Hemophilia National Day of Botany – the date was instituted by Decree No. von Martius 18 Death of gaucho singer-songwriter Nelson Gonçalves (25 years old) Birth of São Paulo composer, arranger and instrumentalist Vicente Paiva (110 years old) – he authored perhaps the most famous march of Brazilian carnivals: Mamãe eu I want Birth of the conductor, cellist and composer from Rio Grande do Norte Mário Tavares (95 years old) – was one of the main interpreters of the works of Villa-Lobos; stated that, for him, there were no boundaries between classical and popular sounds National Children’s Book Day – the date was chosen in honor of Monteiro Lobato 19 Day of the Indigenous Peoples Day of the Brazilian Army 20 Birth of the sculptor, painter, engraver and ceramist Catalan surrealist Joan Miró (130 years old) Death of the gaucho priest Adelir Antônio de Carli, known as Padre do Balão (15 years old) Start of the 1963 Pan American Games, held in the city of São Paulo (60 years old) Disco Day – the date appeared in honor of the musician Ataulfo Alves, who died on April 20, 1969 Diplomat’s Day – marks the birth date of the Baron of Rio Branco, patron of Brazilian diplomacy Rádio Sociedade, current Rádio MEC, is created (100 years) 21 Death from the American singer, songwriter and activist Eunice Kathleen Waymon, to Nina Simone (20 years old) Holding of a plebiscite to determine the form and system of government in Brazil (30 years old) Day of Inconfidência Mineira – also known as Dia de Tiradentes 22 Death of the São Paulo composer Gastão Lamounier (130 years old) – in 1945, the Lamounier Program began to be presented on Rádio Nacional; at that time, his career as a presenter of romantic programs on carioca radio reached its highest point. Dia do Descobrimento do Brasil by the Portuguese when Senator Gaylord Nelson called the first national protest against the pollution of our planet. The idea had the adhesion of several countries after 1990, and was ratified by the 80th General Assembly of the UN to culture, history, science and personalities, always emphasizing national and regional landmarks. The Collection Management also responds to research requests from the external public. Just send an email to [email protected].
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