The percentage of Brazilian households with access to garbage collection by cleaning services and with connection to the general sewage network grew between 2016 and 2022. The finding is from the Continuous National Household Sample Survey (PNAD Continuous 2022), released this Friday (16) by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). According to the survey, the share of households in the country with garbage collected directly by the cleaning service in front of the residence increased from 82.7% in 2016 to 86% in 2022. There was an increase of 8.2 million households in these eight years. The remaining 14% were divided, in 2022, between collection modalities through bucket (6.2%), garbage burning on the property (6.8%) and other destination (0.9%). The latter can mean the disposal of garbage in vacant lots, streets, rivers, etc. Despite the increase in direct collection at home, there were still regional differences and between the countryside and the city in 2022. The Southeast Region had the highest percentage of collection directly by the cleaning service (92.4%), followed by the Midwest ( 90.7%) and South (89.6%). The Northeast and North had smaller percentages: 75% and 75.2%, respectively. “Despite registering the lowest percentage of coverage of this service, the Northeast Region registered the greatest expansion of this indicator. Compared to 2016, there was an expansion of 7.6 percentage points. Compared to 2019, there was an expansion of 3.4 percentage points”, says IBGE researcher Gustavo Fontes. In the urban area, direct collection served 93.8% of households, while in the rural area, this percentage was only 31.8% in 2022. “In rural areas of the country, burning on the property is the main destination [do lixo] in 51.2% of households. In other words, in rural households just over half of the garbage is mainly destined for burning”. The lowest disparity between countryside and city was found in the South Region: 95.7% in cities and 47.6% in countryside. The biggest difference was found in the Midwest: 96.9% in the urban area and 19.8% in the rural area. Sewage In 2022, 98.2% of households had a bathroom for exclusive use. The proportion of households connected to the general sewage system increased from 66.8% in 2016 to 69.5% in 2022. These percentages include both households with direct access to the sewage system and those with a septic tank connected to the sewage system. sewage. In the country, in 2022, there were still 16.3% of households that used a cesspool without connection to the network and 14.1% that used a different destination for residential sewage. “These are forms considered inappropriate: the rudimentary pit, the ditch and direct drainage into a river, lake, stream or sea”, highlights Fontes. In the urban area, 71.5% of households were connected to the general network, 6.5% had septic tanks connected to the network, 13% had septic tanks not connected to the network and 9% had other sewage destinations. Whereas, in rural areas, connection to the general network reached only 4.4% of households and septic tanks connected to the network appeared in 5% of households. Sewers not connected to networks accounted for 40.2% of households and other destinations, 50.5%. The growth in connection to the collection network reached all Brazilian regions, with the exception of the Southeast, which increased from 89.2% in 2016 to 89.1% in 2022 (after passing by 88.1% in 2019). The biggest advance was observed in the North, which went from 19.5% (in 2016) to 31.1% (in 2022). In the Northeast, there was growth from 45.9% to 50.1% in the period. “A highlight here is the North Region, where only 31.1% of households had sewage through the general network or through a septic tank connected to the general network, while a septic tank not connected to the network was 33.4% and another type of sewage 35 .5%. Despite being the region with the lowest access to the general network, it was the region that, in this period from 2016 to 2022, showed the greatest growth in this proportion, but it is still a low percentage, with less than a third of households having access to the network general,” says Fontes. Electricity and water If, on the one hand, there were gains in the country in terms of access to garbage and sewage collection, the same cannot be said for access to the general water supply network, since the percentage of households in this situation went from 85.8% in 2016 to 85.5% in 2022. “We observed that, over the period from 2016 to 2022, there was no expansion in the percentage of households that had a general network as the main source of water supply” , says the researcher. Therefore, in 2022, there were still 14.5% of Brazilian households that needed to resort to other sources to supply themselves with drinking water. They are: the use of deep or artesian wells (7.8%), shallow wells or wells (2.8%), fountains or springs (2%) and other forms (1.8%). The region with the lowest supply through the general network was the North (60%), while in the Southeast the percentage reached 91.8%. “In the Northeast Region, what stands out is that 5.4% of households had other forms of water supply as their main source, such as, for example, water stored in cisterns, tanks, water from rivers, dams or water trucks” . In the urban zone, 93.3% of households were supplied by the general network, while in rural zones it was 32%. In the field, there was also a highlight for artesian or deep wells (29.7%). Among households with access to the general network in the country, 88.2% of them were supplied with water daily, while 5.3% had supply 4 to 6 days a week and 4.8%, 1 to 3 days. Electricity continued to have virtually universal coverage, with 99.8% of households supplied, of which 99.4% received light from the general network. “We observed a high coverage of electricity both in urban areas, with 99.9%, and in rural areas, with 99%”, said the researcher.
Agência Brasil
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